You can, though probably not for a first offense. But everything depends on what is being littered. In Las Vegas, for example, a typical littering offense such as dropping an empty soda can on the street is punished by:
- $50 to $500, and/or
- 30 days to 6 months in jail
Meanwhile, depositing garbage on a public highway or throwing a burning cigarette from a moving vehicle carries:
- up to $1,000, and/or
- up to 6 months in jail
Depositing dead animals into the water is more serious, carrying:
- up to $2,000, and/or
- up to 364 days in jail
Finally, dumping hazardous materials carries up to 364 days in jail, 10 hours of community service, and civil fines. The punishment increases with each successive conviction. Hazardous materials typically include human waste, sewage, and sludge, cesspool or septic tank effluent.
Note that Nevada prohibits littering on both public and private property. Read more information on the Nevada crime of littering.