Criminal Defense

Colorado Mandatory Minimum Sentencing – What It Means

Posted on October 16, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense

Colorado’s mandatory minimum sentencing law requires you to serve at least the minimum allowable prison sentence for certain high-level crimes. Crimes that carry mandatory minimums under Colorado law include: Class 1 felonies, drug felonies, crimes of violence, sex offenses, and habitual criminals. The sentencing court judges in these cases do not have the discretion to …

“Police Code 211” – What does it mean?

Posted on September 22, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense

“Police Code 211” What does it mean? California's Robbery Law Explained by Top AttorneyWatch this video on YouTube In California, police code 211 is for a robbery or armed robbery, which is covered by California Penal Code section 211. There are also police codes for robbery alarms. Code 211A is for when a normal robbery …

What happens at an arraignment hearing for a felony?

Posted on September 12, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Felony, Useful information

What Happens in a Felony Arraignment Hearing? 4 Things to KnowWatch this video on YouTube A felony arraignment hearing is normally the first formal court appearance in criminal cases where you are charged with a felony offense. At the arraignment, the court will inform you of the crime(s) filed against you, advise you as to …

What are “Specific Intent Crimes”? A Defense Lawyer Explains

Posted on September 11, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense

Specific intent crimes are misdemeanors or felonies where a prosecutor must prove (and beyond a reasonable doubt) that you intended to commit a certain harm. This means a specific intent is a necessary element of the crime itself. Examples of specific intent crimes are: burglary, forgery, and robbery. In contrast, general intent crimes are offenses …

Is it illegal to record someone in California?

Posted on September 9, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense

California is a “two-party consent” state, meaning it is unlawful to record a conversation without all parties’ consent. Without everyone’s consent, you are unlawfully eavesdropping under California Penal Code 632 PC. Here are five key things to know: Eavesdropping is a wobbler, meaning that it can be charged as a misdemeanor or a felony.1 Misdemeanors …

“Crime of Violence” in Colorado – The Increased Penalties

Posted on August 26, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense

Under Colorado Revised Statute 18-1.3-406 CRS, crimes of violence are felonies that carry enhanced penalties if you use a deadly weapon, kill or seriously injured someone, or for certain sex crimes – use threats, force, or cause any bodily injury. The court will impose this increased punishment for crimes of violence even if you have …

The Legal “Smoking Age” in Nevada – 21 Years or Older

Posted on June 29, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Useful information

The Nevada smoking age is 21 years old. The minimum tobacco age limit was recently raised from 18 years old to 21 years old to align with federal law.1 The purpose of the new laws raising the state and federal minimum age to sell and purchase tobacco products is to: promote public health, reduce secondhand …

When can minors be tried as adults in California?

Posted on June 13, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense

When Can Minors Be Tried as Adults in California? Top Juvenile Defense Lawyer ExplainsWatch this video on YouTube In California, minors 15 or younger cannot be tried as adults. Minors aged 16 or 17 can be transferred from juvenile court to criminal court only if: the crime was “serious,” and the juvenile court judge allows …

What happens if a juvenile violates probation in California?

Posted on May 5, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense

What Happens if a Juvenile Violates Probation in California? Top Defense Attorney ExplainsWatch this video on YouTube In California, the consequences of violating juvenile probation depend on the type of probation you are on. The judge at the violation hearing is likely to tighten the conditions of your probation. However, he or she can also …

Evidence Spoilage in California – What is it & what are my rights?

Posted on April 30, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Litigation, Useful information

Evidence spoilage is when a person or entity destroys or significantly alters evidence that is relevant to a pending or future civil or criminal court case. Spoilage also occurs when a person or entity fails to preserve property so that it can be used as evidence. Spoilage is often referred to as “spoliation.” Your rights …

PTSD Defense – Does it apply to California criminal cases?

Posted on April 25, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Useful information

Is PTSD a Defense to Crimes in California? Top Defense Lawyer ExplainsWatch this video on YouTube You are charged with sexual assault in connection with a domestic violence matter. However, you believe you committed the crime because you were easily startled due to your post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Is it possible to use your PTSD …

What is a “Humphrey Hearing”? A defense lawyer explains

Posted on April 25, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Useful information

What is a "Humprey Hearing"? Can it help me get out of jail?Watch this video on YouTube In the California criminal justice system, a “Humphrey hearing” is a court hearing held soon after you are arrested for a crime. A judge holds the hearing to ensure that you are not kept in custody following an …

Brady Violation – 7 Common Examples of Hiding Evidence

Posted on April 25, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Useful information

What Are Brady Violations? 7 ExamplesWatch this video on YouTube 7 common examples of a Brady violation in criminal trials are when a prosecutor fails to disclose to a criminal defendant (or a defense attorney): evidence of a record or report that might suggest the defendant did not commit a crime (such as a law …

Indeterminate Sentencing in California – How It Works

Posted on February 10, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Felony, Penalties, Sentencing

What is indeterminate sentencing? How it worksWatch this video on YouTube In California, an indeterminate sentence is a prison sentence with a minimum amount of time, but no fixed release date. An example is a sentence of “10 to 20 years in prison.” It is up to the parole board to determine the date of …

“Solicitation of a Minor” – What is it? Can I go to jail?

Posted on February 4, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Felony, Laws, Lewdness With a Minor

Solicitation of a minor is a criminal offense where a person engages in a conversation with a minor, and during that conversation, solicits or asks the minor to meet up to partake in a sexual act. This crime is sometimes referred to as meeting with a minor for lewd purposes, or online solicitation of a …

Does California Have a “Romeo and Juliet” Law?

Posted on January 31, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense

LEGAL ANALYSIS — Does California Have a "Romeo & Juliet" Law?Watch this video on YouTube There are no Romeo and Juliet laws in California. This means that it is always statutory rape (PC 261.5) to have consensual sexual intercourse with someone under 18, even if you are close-in-age or a minor yourself.1 What are Romeo …

How long after a hit and run accident can you be charged?

Posted on January 30, 2025 | Category: Car Accidents, Criminal Defense, Hit and Run Accidents, Useful information

Daylight shot of a parked grey sedan with dented bumper after hit and run

Most jurisdictions say that you have to be charged with a hit-and-run case within either: one year from the date of the accident, if the crime is charged as a misdemeanor, or three years from the date of the accident, if the crime is charged as a felony. Note that the time by which a …

I Was Falsely Accused of Rape – How do I defend myself?

Posted on January 30, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Felony, Rape, Useful information

Legal Analysis: Falsely accused of rape in California?Watch this video on YouTube If you have been falsely accused of rape, you have defenses at your disposal. These include showing that the allegations have an ulterior motive, that there was no intercourse, or that the sex was consensual. There are also numerous things that you should …

Unsupervised Probation – What is it and how does it work?

Posted on January 30, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Useful information

Interior courtroom shot: A parolee speaking with a judge during his unsupervised probation period.

Unsupervised probation is a type of probation authorized in many states where you report directly to the court rather than to a probation officer. This is typically a more relaxed form of probation that is reserved for misdemeanor offenders that pose a low risk of harm to the community. As with supervised probation, you must …

Are restraining orders a matter of public record?

Posted on January 30, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Useful information

A criminal background check application on a clipboard with a pen resting on it

Restraining orders are generally part of the public record. One consequence of this is that a restraining order will likely appear on a criminal background check. This can sometimes have ramifications in terms of securing employment, housing, and other benefits. A restraining order is a court order that forbids a specific person from threatening, harassing, …

“Felony Plea Bargain” – 3 Key Defense Strategies

Posted on January 28, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense

Interior of a modern courtroom. A young male attorney in business attire holds a piece of paper that says "Plea Bargain", he points to the piece of paper with a pen.

The three most common things to bargain for during plea negotiations for a felony offense are: reducing the charge, preferably to a misdemeanor, a shorter jail or prison sentence or, if possible, no jail time at all, and more lenient terms of probation. The plea bargain process is a negotiation between the prosecution and you …

Good Reasons for Early Termination of Probation – Top 5

Posted on January 27, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Useful information

A judge sitting by her gavel on the bench satisfied with the progress in a person's probation possibly leading to a probation termination.

According to most jurisdictions, the top 5 reasons why a judge may terminate your probation early are that you: complied with all the terms of your probation, avoided any new arrests or criminal charges, paid all fines, fees, court costs, and restitution, did not commit any probation violations, and would experience a hardship if you …

Consecutive vs Concurrent Sentences – California Law

Posted on January 24, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Penalties, Sentencing

In California, consecutive sentences are prison terms that are served one after the other. Concurrent sentences are prison terms that are served at the same time. Serving consecutive sentences means more time in prison. They are a factor if you are convicted of multiple crimes. California judges have lots of discretion in which type of …

Exigent Circumstances in California – What Does This Mean in Criminal Law?

Posted on January 22, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Useful information

Two police officers knocking on a glass door, before entering without a warrant, due to exigent circumstances.

Police barged into your California home and seized what they told you was “evidence of a crime.” But they did so without a valid search warrant. The police said they did not need one because of “exigent circumstances.” What does that mean? Below I discuss everything you need to know about the exigent circumstances. Also …

“Suspended Sentence” in Criminal Law – How does it work?

Posted on January 22, 2025 | Category: Criminal Defense, Sentencing, Useful information

What is a "Suspended Sentence"?Watch this video on YouTube A suspended sentence is where a judge sentences you to jail or prison time, but then delays imposing the sentence in order to let you serve time on probation. If you complete probation successfully, the judge typically dismisses the case without placing you in custody.1 If …

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