If you are charged with California DUI, and you had a child in your car at the time you were arrested, there are two charges the prosecutor might consider.
VC 23572 DUI with a minor under 14 in the car
The first is actually a sentence enhancement, not a separate charge. People who commit DUI with a child under the age of fourteen (14) in the car may receive California’s Vehicle Code 23572 VC DUI with a child in the car sentence enhancement.
Sometimes people call this “DUI with child endangerment,” which can be confusing, since “child endangerment” (discussed below) is a separate crime. VC 23572 is what is charged in most cases where defendants are arrested for DUI with a minor in the car.
Vehicle Code 23572 calls for additional mandatory jail time on top of normal DUI penalties. If this is your first DUI, the “DUI with child passenger” enhancement will require you to spend an additional forty-eight (48) hours in county jail.
This rises to ten (10) days in jail if this is your second DUI in a 10-year period, thirty (30) days if it is your third–and a full ninety (90) days in jail (again, in addition to any jail time required for the underlying DUI) if it is your fourth or higher DUI.
PC 273a child endangerment
The second charge a California prosecutor might consider is the actual crime of child endangerment under Penal Code 273a PC.
PC 273a child endangerment does not need to have anything to do with DUI. It can be charged against anyone who willfully causes or permits a child to be placed in a dangerous situation. It also does not need to involve children under 14; any minor under 18 can be involved.
But prosecutors do sometimes charge DUI defendants with child endangerment. This usually happens when the circumstances of the DUI were relatively egregious–such as when the driver had a very high BAC or was driving erratically, or the child was not wearing a seatbelt or in an approved child seat.
Child endangerment can be charged as a misdemeanor carrying up to one (1) year in county jail, or a felony punishable with state prison time.
The good news is that a defendant cannot receive both the Vehicle Code 23572 DUI-with-child-endangerment sentence enhancement and a conviction for PC 273a child endangerment. But you can be convicted of both ordinary DUI and PC 273a child endangerment for the same incident.
