Filing Lawsuits for “Pedestrian Knockdowns and Accidents” in Nevada

People injured by automobiles, motorcycles, or bikes while walking across the road or on a sidewalk in Las Vegas can file a “pedestrian knockdown” lawsuit in Nevada. The drivers, their employers, and perhaps the vehicles’ manufacturers may be liable to pay for the victims’ losses, including:

• doctor’s bills in Nevada,
• lost wages in Nevada,
• lost earning potential in Nevada,
• pain and suffering in Nevada,
• wrongful death damages in Nevada (if the pedestrian passed away) and/or
• punitive damages in Nevada

Pedestrians knockdowns are more common in Nevada than in most other states.¹ Even if both the driver and pedestrian were at fault for the crash, the pedestrian should still be entitled to damages: The only condition is that the driver was no less to blame than the pedestrian.

In this article, our Las Vegas Nevada personal injury attorneys answer frequently-asked-questions about filing pedestrian knockdown accident lawsuits in Nevada, including possible claims, statutes of limitations in Nevada, and financial rewards:

• 1. What can pedestrians sue for if they get injured by a car or bike?
• 2. What money can pedestrians get if they are hit by a car or bike?
• 3. Whom can pedestrians sue if they get injured by a car or bike?
• 4. What if the driver ran into the pedestrian on purpose?
• 5. What if the pedestrian was partially at fault for getting hit?
• 6. When can an injured pedestrian sue?
• 7. What are common causes and injuries?

Also see our related article on Las Vegas bus stop accidents.

1. What can pedestrians do if they get injured by a car in Nevada?

Pedestrians who get hit by motorists, motorcyclists, or bicyclists may have grounds to sue the at-fault parties for various “causes of action,” including:

1. negligence
2. negligence per se
3. respondeat superior
4. strict products liability
5. wrongful death

The victim bringing the lawsuit is called the “plaintiff,” and the parties being sued are called the “defendants.”

1.1. Negligence

There are four elements a plaintiff would need to prove in order to prevail on a negligence claim in Nevada:

1. The defendant owed the plaintiff a duty of care;
2. The defendant breached this duty;
3. This breach proximately caused the plaintiff’s injury; and
4. This injury resulted in damages.²

The following scenario illustrates how driver negligence can lead to a pedestrian knockdown:

Example: Helen is walking down a sidewalk in Green Valley. Jim is motorcycling down the road when he looks down to scratch an itch on his leg and accidentally swerves off the road, colliding into Helen. The crash causes Helen severe lacerations.

Here, Helen would probably win in a negligence lawsuit against Jim: Like all motorists, Jim had a duty of care to operate his motorcycle safely. Joe breached this duty by swerving and hitting Helen. And her lacerations resulted in medical bills and pain and suffering.

1.2. Negligence per se

There are five elements a plaintiff would need to prove in order to prevail on a negligence per se claim in Nevada:

1. The defendant had the duty to follow a certain law;
2. The plaintiff is one of the people that law was designed to protect;
3. The defendant violated this law;
4. The defendant’s violation proximately caused the plaintiff’s injuries; and
5. The injuries resulted in damages.³

The following scenario illustrates how a driver’s negligence per se can lead to a pedestrian knockdown:

Example: A tourist is lawfully crossing the Las Vegas Strip. Joe is driving his sedan while texting, so he does not notice the red light. Joe runs the red light and hits the tourist. The collision causes the tourist to sustain a fractured hip.

Here, the tourist would probably win in a negligence per se lawsuit against Joe: Like all drivers, Joe had a duty of care to operate his vehicle in accordance with traffic laws. Joe breached this duty by committing the Nevada crime of texting while driving (NRS 484B.165). Tom’s preoccupation with his phone caused him to ignore the traffic signs and hit the tourist. And the tourist’s broken bone resulted in severe pain and suffering and exorbitant hospital bills.

1.3. Respondeat Superior

When the drivers or bikers were on duty for their job at the time of the crash, their employers may be liable under the Nevada legal theory of respondeat superior. There are four elements a plaintiff would need to prove in order to prevail on a respondeat superior claim in Nevada:

1. The driver is employed by the defendant at the time of the accident;
2. The driver was acting in the scope of his/her employment at the time the accident occurred;
3. The driver’s actions proximately caused the plaintiff’s injuries; and
4. The injuries resulted in damages.⁴

The following scenario illustrates how respondeat superior may work in Nevada:

Example: Jenny is driving a company car on the way to visit a client in Summerlin. While daydreaming she swerves and crashes into a pedestrian. The collision causes the pedestrian to sustain serious contusions.

Here, the pedestrian would probably win both a negligence claim against Jenny and also a respondeat superior claim against Jenny’s employer. Since Jenny was on duty at the time of the crash, her employer could be “vicariously liable” for any accidents Jenny caused.

1.4. Strict Products Liability

If the vehicle or bike in the knockdown may have malfunctioned, the plaintiff could sue the manufacturer for strict products liability in Nevada. The plaintiff would need to prove:

1. The vehicle was defective as the result of a design, manufacturing, or warning defect;
2. The defect existed when the product left the possession of the defendant (the vehicle manufacturer);
3. The vehicle was used in a manner which was reasonably foreseeable by the defendant;
4. The defect was a cause of the plaintiff’s injuries; and
5. The injuries resulted in damages.⁵

The following scenario illustrates how a manufacturer’s defect can cause a pedestrian knockdown:

Example: Tommy’s Chevy pickup has a damaged brake system as a result of a mistake made while it was on the assembly line. While driving through Henderson, Tommy tries to break at a crosswalk but ends up careering into Bill. Bill breaks his spine and suffers paraplegia.

Here, Bill would probably win a strict products liability lawsuit against Chevrolet since it was responsible for the broken brake system.

1.5. Wrongful death

If a knockdown causes a pedestrian to die, that victim’s family or estate may then file a Nevada wrongful death lawsuit against the responsible parties. The plaintiffs would need to prove the following four things:

1. The victim died;
2. This death was caused by the defendant’s wrongful act or negligence;
3. The plaintiff is an heir or personal representative of the victim; and
4. The plaintiff suffered damages for monetary injury as a result of the death⁶

Example: A truck driver loses control of the wheel and runs over Stacy on the sidewalk, killing her. Since Stacy was her family’s breadwinner, her family sues the truck driver and his employer for loss of support and funeral expenses.

Here, Stacy’s family would probably win the wrongful death case since the truck killed Stacy, and her death caused financial losses to her family.

2. What money can pedestrians get if they are hit by a car in Nevada?

If a defendant in a pedestrian knockdown case is found liable, the court can award the injured party Nevada compensatory damages for:

• hospital and doctor’s bills,
• lost wages (while the pedestrian is too injured to work),
• lost earning capacity (if the injury impedes the pedestrian from being able to work in the future),
• pain and suffering, and/or
• wrongful death damages (if the victim died)

Pain and suffering is capped at $350,000 in Nevada. And if the driver was a government employee acting in the course of his/her job (such as a police officer on patrol), then the employee is liable for only $100,000 in medical bills and lost wages. Otherwise, there are usually no caps to compensatory damages.⁷

3. Whom can pedestrians sue if they get injured by a car or bike in Nevada?

Potential defendants in Nevada pedestrian accident cases may include:

• The driver of the car or bike, if he/she was being negligent;
• The employer of the driver, if the driver was on duty at the time of the crash;
• The city or county where the accident took place, if the local government was negligent in maintaining signage, traffic signals, and safe roads;
• The car manufacturer, if the vehicle malfunctioned or was defective; and
• Anyone who recently possessed the vehicle (such as a valet driver), if he/she was negligent in keeping it functional

4. What if the driver ran into the pedestrian on purpose in Nevada?

In addition to facing serious criminal charges, drivers who purposely plow into pedestrians would be on the hook for punitive damages as well as compensatory damages. In general, the Nevada damages cap on punitive damages is:

• $300,000 (if the amount of compensatory damages awarded to the plaintiff is less than $100,000), or
• Three times (3) the compensatory damages if the amount of compensatory damages is $100,000 or more.

Note that there are no punitive damages caps if the defendant is a manufacturer, distributor, or seller of a defective product, or an insurer acting in bad faith.⁸

5. What if the pedestrian was partially at fault for getting hit in Nevada?

Under Nevada’s comparative negligence law, the pedestrian may still be able to recover damages as long as the court finds the defendant was at least 50% at fault. But the damages will be less than if the pedestrian was not to blame at all:

If a pedestrian is 50% at fault for getting hit by a car because he/she was jaywalking, then the pedestrian will receive 50% less damages that he/she would otherwise. And if the pedestrian is 51% or more at fault, then the pedestrian receives nothing.⁹

Note that in many knockdown cases, the pedestrian is partially at fault. Perhaps the pedestrian was texting, or drunk, or simply looking up and admiring the Vegas skyline. Lawyers on both sides will search for surveillance video, phone records, and eyewitnesses to try to piece together their allegations and defenses.

6. When can an injured pedestrian sue in Nevada?

Pedestrians usually have two (2) years after they discover their injury to bring a personal injury suit in Nevada. In most cases, pedestrians realize they are injured right after the accident.¹⁰

7. Pedestrian knockdown causes and injuries

Pedestrians get injured in Nevada for various driver-related reasons, including:

• Distracted driving;
• Nevada crime of DUI;
• Nevada crime of reckless driving (NRS 484B.653);
• Nevada crime of speeding (NRS 484B.600), especially in school zones;
• Nevada crime of failing to yield to pedestrians at crosswalks (NRS 484B.283);
• Backing up without looking first – learn more about the Nevada crime of improper backing (NRS 484B.113);
• Passing a school bus; and
• Knowingly driving with defective steering or brakes

When a car hits a pedestrian — especially at high speeds — the results can be horrific and even deadly. Children, the elderly, and the disabled are the most vulnerable. Typical pedestrian knockdown injuries might include:

• broken bones,
• amputations,
• bruises,
• brain injuries in Nevada,
• collapsed lungs, and
• spinal injuries in Nevada

If the car ignites, the pedestrian may be burned as well.

See our related article about Nevada crosswalk laws and lawsuits.

Call a Nevada personal injury attorney…

Were you injured while out walking in Nevada? Then call our Las Vegas pedestrian knockdown attorneys for a free consultation on how we fight to get our clients the largest financial settlements possible. In most cases, we can settle a matter without a trial. And you pay absolutely nothing unless we win.

Also see our article on Nevada bike laws.

For cases in California, please see our page on filing a pedestrian knockdown injury lawsuit under California law.

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